Cuban and U.S. Relations Essay example - 1098 Words

Cuban and U.S. Relations From the time, Fidel Castro came to power in Cuba tensions ran high between the Cuban government and the United States government. Relations between Cuba and the United States grew during Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations. Not as much during the Eisenhower administration as the Kennedy administration did tensions between between the two countries intensify. Kennedy faced many a different situations as President. He faced such situations like the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis. Tensions have mounted high for a long time between Cuba and the United States. Towards the end of President Eisenhowers second term he ran into the increasingly strident attacks from the radical Fidel†¦show more content†¦The training of the exiles took place towards the end of Eisenhowers term as President of the United States. He took very few steps in the direction of having the exiles return to Cuba to overthrow Castro. The training took place when President Eisenhowe r was leaving office and President-elect Kennedy was coming into office. Upon coming into office, President Kennedy was told of the training of Cuban exiles in Guatemala by CIA director Allen Dulles. Kennedy gave his approval for the training of the exiles to continue. He later went to the Joint Chiefs of Staff to evaluate the situation. They came to the conclusion that even though the CIA was training the exiles they wouldnt have a very good chance of succeeding in overthrowing the dictator of Cuba. They felt that even to have a chance of success they would need the people still living in Cuba, who were unhappy with the government, to rebel at the same time they were to come ashore (Think Quest). After Kennedy had a meeting with the Joint Chiefs of Staff the President Guatemala ordered the CIA and the Cuban exiles out of his country. Kennedy was forced to make a quick decision. The president was then informed that the Cubans were receiving a shipment of fighter crafts from the Soviets. After this President Kennedy got this news he gave the green light for the mission, but had the rightShow MoreRelatedU.s. Relations With The Cuban Government894 Words   |  4 PagesCUBA: Libre Is it a good idea to open relations with the Cuban Government? It has been more than eighty years since a US President has visited Cuba. The two nations have had no diplomatic relations since 1961. One may ask how beneficial for the US to conjoin forces with Cuba? Improving relations with Cuba will benefit American Government because of what it can learn about health care, disaster preparedness, tourism and Trade. On March 20, 2016 President Obama arrived in Havana, Cuba with his familyRead MoreU.s. Cuban Relations With Cuba953 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough Obama’s desire for better relations with Cuba is an important factor in the normalization of US-Cuban relations, the most important factor is a change in national opinion towards Cuba, a second image analysis. In 1998, a poll by ABC News indicated that 38% of Americans believed that diplomatic relations should be re-established with Cuba (Polling Report). A similar poll conducted in 2015 by USA Today/Gallup put that number at 61% (Polling Report). Any political decision is strongly influencedRead MoreThe Relations Between The United States And Cuba1487 Words   |  6 Pages The turbulent relations between the United States and Cuba became more controversial since the Cold War. They reached their apex on 15th October 1962, when after realizing that the Soviet Union was developing missile bases in Cuba, President Kennedy started taking strong procedures against Cuba. Indeed in February 1962 he signed the Embargo, which has not yet been lifted but reached improvements after more than 50 years, in April 2015 during Barack Obama and Raul Castro presidency (Renwick and LeeRead MoreThe Warming Of Relations Between Cuba And The United States1285 Words   |  6 PagesA controversial subject,yet not spoken about enough,the warming of relations between Cuba and the U.S exists only due to the two countries having a rough past with each other. This â€Å"rough past† consists of aspects such as the protectorate status the U.S had previously put onto Cuba, which severely limited their independence and the U.S had, ironically, just helped them achieve. Some ta ke a stance that we as countries should stay distant from each other due to our vast governmental and cultural differencesRead MoreThe United States And Cuba1534 Words   |  7 PagesThose efforts are controversial to a number of Americans who oppose engaging the Cuban government. Prior to the Spanish American War of 1898, Cuba was a Spanish colony with extensive commercial relations with U.S. businesses, particularly with regard to the production of sugar. Following the U.S. victory in the Spanish American War in 1898, Cuba, which is located just 90 miles off the coast of Florida, became a U.S. territory and then gained its independence in 1902. For more than 50 years followingRead MoreU.s. Relations Between The United States And Cuba843 Words   |  4 Pagesthe new emerging relations evolving between the United States and Cuba. This new development, following merely years after Raul Castro was succeeded by his brother Fidel, prompted an inquiry. Why new relations now? Has there been a significant current event to prompt the end to a 50 year embargo? Is Cuba becoming more liberal? Or is the United States merely become more sensible? In essence, we are aiming to unearth the underlying forces this modern direction of joint Cuban and U.S forces. In ourRead MoreA Cold War Relic : Should The United States Seek Tighten The Economic Grip On Cuba? If So900 Words   |  4 Pageson Cuba, and more importantly the Cuban people, is relatively useless without the cooperation from a large number of other countries. It makes even less sense when you consider that the United States trades with countries with similar political ideologies such as China and Vietnam, China now a part of the World Trade Organization (WTO), gives continued proof that trade restrictions against Cuba are antiquated. (Daniels, Radebaugh Sullivan, 2015). While U.S. trade restrictions can be arguedRead MoreTrouble Of The Thaw Of U. S Cuban Relations1748 Words   |  7 Pages Trouble in Paradise: The Thaw of U.S-Cuban Relations Camilla Kondracka 0887306 AHSS1210: Reading Writing Effectively - Section 1 University of Guelph-Humber Trouble in Paradise: The Thaw of U.S-Cuban Relations The dispute between the U.S and Cuba dates back more than two centuries. Centuries within which some say conflict primarily arose due to the United States’ attempts to exercise and impose its governing concepts upon Cuba; ignoring the islands own right to independenceRead MoreU.s. Cuba Relations : A Discussion Of Constructivism And Realism1329 Words   |  6 PagesU.S. – Cuba Relations: A Discussion of Constructivism and Realism During the Cold War, relations between Cuba and the United States were icy. Cuba was allied with the USSR, America’s enemy, and was well within their sphere of influence. With events like the failed Bay of Pigs invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis happening on their soil, Cuba was at the center of the Cold War. Between ideological differences and their alliance with Russia, Cuba became an enemy of America as well. It took the effortsRead MoreCuba And The United States1217 Words   |  5 Pageshe U.S and Cuba officially cut ties in January of 1961, meaning that there have not been any high-level diplomatic relations with Cuba for 54 years. At the time, America and Cuba considered one another as mortal enemies and mistrusted each other’s government greatly. So this raises the question; Was it the correct decision for Cuba and the United States to cut ties? This break with Cuba was a bad decision because it caused Cuba’s economy to plummet, caused Cubans to im migrate, and it caused Cuban

The Ethical Dilemma Of `` Enemy At The Gates - 1205 Words

Preface: Do you remember movie â€Å"Enemy at the gates†? The opening scene, where boats filled with Soviet soldiers crossing the Volga, and being attacked by German aviation? Bodies riddled with bullets†¦ some of the soldiers panicking and jumping overboard†¦ Political officer screaming something and shooting at those who jumped. Later it shows soldiers going into suicide attacks with barrier troops behind them. Those troops are ordered to shoot any soldier that leaves battlefield without an order. Is it ethical to order to shoot your own troops without a court? Or are we facing an ethical dilemma of uncertainty? Today I want to talk about ethical side of making difficult decisions. I want to talk about most controversial Stalin’s order in WW2, infamous order #227, also known as: Not a step back! I will prove that despite all controversy around this decision, during that period Stalin was an ethical leader. I want to talk how other people fall into ethical dilemma of uncertainty when they judge him. Also, about how making sure that I am making ethical decision affects me and how I avoid ethical dilemma of uncertainty. MP1: On July 28 1942 Stalin issued Order #227. It was not in the newspapers and it was not released to the general public. But it was read to every soldier and officer in the Red Army. The order began by admitting losses of the territory and lives. It said that the military was failing in its duty to protect its country. To quote the order: â€Å"Units of the SouthernShow MoreRelatedSocial Cultural Learning Can Be Illustrated Through The Examination Of Businesses1264 Words   |  6 Pagesanalysis will evaluate and compare the core resources and capabilities (Rump;C) of successful firms from both emerging multinational economies versus those within developed countries. This analysis will conclude with a role play of the potential ethical dilemmas leaders face, running a multinational firm within an emerging market. This role play will assume a new leader is faced with taking over a copycat firm who is in clear violation of intellectual property rights of a rival firm. The analysis willRe ad MoreThe Image Of Media1491 Words   |  6 Pagesconsidered by news agencies to decide if the image is suitable for a publication. The decision-making process of publishing images of graphic content varies by publication, and not all publication take the same position. For the Associated Press it was ethical to publish photographer Julie Jacobson’s image of Marine Lance Cpl. Joshua M. Bernard in the Afghanistan war. In 2009 a group of Marines were ambushed by Taliban figures in the Helmand province of Afghanistan. The AP photographer Jacobsen was inRead MoreBlack Hearts By Jim Frederick1534 Words   |  7 PagesThe specific unit Frederick writes about and what Black Hearts is about is 2nd brigade of the 101st airborne infantry division. â€Å"Black Hearts† was the unofficial insignia of 2nd brigade. Frederick covers one platoon in particularly and their ethical dilemmas they encounter while on deployment. 1st platoon, Bravo Company, 1-502nd Regiment is the unit the book covers. Many things on deployment unfold poorly for this platoon such as having little equipment, great loss of leadership positions, and unthinkableRead MoreEthical Implications of Pollution2452 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract Ethical implications of pollution created by businesses in the third world countries are grave. From ecology destruction and environmental abuse to issues such as deterioration of water and air quality, the business ethics principles based on stakeholder theory of ethics apply on environmental issues as well. The MNCs establish business operations in third world countries to reduce their cost of doing business and earn greater profits. This shall not be achieved at the cost citizens ofRead MoreEssay on The Need for Brutality in A Clockwork Orange 4668 Words   |  19 Pagesovertones (Rabinovitz 56). Intermingled in this web of existentialism, Dostoevskys ideal that free choice is a prerequisite for salvation (Bowie 64), brings the novel into the realm of Christian theology as well as philosophy.    As the foremost enemy of choice, Burgess attacks behavioral conditioning. He stacks the deck against the behaviorists, as advocates of aversion therapy, and casts himself as the bà ©te noir of B. F. Skinner(Stinson 77). A leader of the behaviorist school in psychologyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesBalance Work–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture AffectRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesreliability †¢ â€Å"Don’t let the facts get in the way of a good story† is an instruction often heard in the newsroom †¢ Concept of media ethics is conceived to be an oxymoron. Sadly, many aspects of the modern media are stripped of almost all ethical concerns. In a reality of competition, ratings and economic considerations, ethics becomes a secondary, sometimes irritating, issue †¢ E.g. But consider 2003, New York Times writer Jayson Blair caught for plagiarising and falsifying elements ofRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesTraining for International Projects 555 Summary 558 Chapter 14 Project Closure 504 Chapter 16 Oversight 564 Project Oversight 511 565 566 Importance of Oversight to the Project Manager Portfolio Project Management 566 Project Office 566 Phase Gate Methodology 568 Types of Project Closure 506 Wrap-up Closure Activities 507 Creating the Final Report 510 Post-Implementation Evaluation Team Evaluation 511 Individual, Team Member, and Project Manager Performance Reviews 514 OrganizationRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesPrinted in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Brief Contents PA RT 1 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 UNDERSTANDING HRM The Dynamic Environment of HRM 2 Fundamentals of Strategic HRM 28 PART 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONTEXT OF HRM Equal Employment Opportunity 56 Employee Rights and Discipline 84 PART 3 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 STAFFING THE ORGANIZATION Human Resource Planning and Job Analysis 110 Recruiting 132 Foundations of Selection 154 PARTRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesStarbucks, we have moved Entrepreneurial Adventures up to the front of the book. We have continued Marketing Wars, which many of you recommended, and reinstated Comebacks of firms iii iv †¢ Preface rising from adversity. I have also brought back Ethical Mistakes, because I believe that organizations more than ever need to be responsive to society’s best interests. Altogether, this 11th edition brings seven new cases to replace seven that were deleted from the previous edition. Some of the cases

Bayaning 3rd World Synopsis Essay Sample free essay sample

It was all about doing a movie about Dr. Jose Rizal as our National Hero where the movie shapers Ricky Davao and Cris Villanueva were believing what would be the rubric of the movie they will do. And they come up with a detective narrative wherein they will look into if Rizal is truly a Hero. which implies that they were in uncertainty of Rizal being our Hero. Furthermore. they have many inquiries on their head that needs an reply. First. who is Rizal? National Hero. the great Malayan. the first Filipino Indio assassin and the pride of Malay race. What is Rizal? One peso coin. even though ever devalued ever figure one. Small but Terrible. In the twelvemonth 1904 Gregorio Aglipay. monopoly of Catholic Church. construct his ain church and made Rizal as their saint. Similarly. group of Filipinos specifically cult praised him and made him as their Godhead. Second. did Rizal marry Josephine Bracken? They say that Rizal marries Josephine but there was no documental grounds that will turn out that they were truly married. We will write a custom essay sample on Bayaning 3rd World Synopsis Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Friars said that Rizal can get married Josephine merely if he will compose a abjuration paper. Jose Rizal did compose a abjuration while he was in Dapitan but there was no signature of him. So. Rizal did non get married Josephine. However. they truly love each other and both live in Dapitan and have a kid but unluckily died. Third. did Rizal subscribe a abjuration paper? This was the most controversial issue. There was a abjuration paper made but the text and signature of Rizal were non echt. Possibly. The Jesuits imitates it. In the interview of Father Balaguer. he said that Rizal retract and confess. If Rizal truly retracts and declares himself as Catholic. it means that he abjure with all his bosom whatever in his words. Hagiographas. publications and behavior has been contrary to his character as boy of the Catholic Church. In instance that Rizal truly abjure. he is genuinely a coward but the truth was revealed in his written novels. essays. verse forms and declaration against the Spanish authorities with his strong finding and ain beliefs. And through his plants and Hagiographas there was no uncertainty to Dr. Jose Rizal. He is genuinely a great National Hero. Bayaning 3rd World is a movie directed by Mike de Leon starring Ricky Davao as Filmmaker 1. Cris Villanueva as Filmmaker 2. Joel Torre as Jose Rizal. Lara Fabregas as Josephine Bracken. Daria Ramirez as Dona Teodora. Rio Locsin as Trining. Cherry Pie Picache as Narcisa. Lui Manansala as Maria. Joonee Gamboa as Paciano. Ed Rocha as Padre Balaguer. Lawrence David as Rebel Leader. Jay Espano as Pio Valenzuela. Bon Vibar as Padre Vilaclara. Edru Abraham as Padre Obach. Keno Agaro as Rizal at 7. Jan Alexis Rutaquio as Rizal at 14. Benjamin Barcellano as Rizal at Luneta. Kenneth Bruan as Andres Bonifacio / Katipunan Neophyte. Max Newton as Edward Gross / Senor Taufer. Jonic Magno as Gross’ Rizal / Yearsley’s Cameraman. Aimee Murillo as Gross’ Bracken. Julie Galino as Mrs. Gross. Jun Pamfilo as Gross’ Cameraman. Wilfredo J. Calderon as Gross’ Billboard Artist ( as Wilfredo Calderon ) . Morris Hamsi as Albert Yearsley. Nor Domingo as Yearsley’s Rizal . Jesus Diaz Ramirez as Squadron Leader. Richard Khab as Yearsley’s Jesuit Priest. Wylie Casero as Production Assistant 1. Ana Agabin as Production Assistant 2. Liza de Ocampo as Production Assistant 3. Manolito Bolpa as Production Assistant 4. Xox as Filmmaker’s Dog. Alessandra Rigon as Manuela Orlac. Ermie Concepcion as Seance Medium. Ronnie Martinez as Cult Leader and Bella Llaban as Flor Contemplacion.

Martha Ballards Diary free essay sample

An examination of the book A Midwifes Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard, Based on her Diary, 1785-1812 by Laurel Thatcher Ulrich which describes the life of women in this period in Northern New England. This paper examines the lives of women in colonial America by studying this unique work which is written in diary form by a woman named Martha Ballard. The aim of the author of this book was to show historians that information about women in this period does exist, as they are often over-looked in history books. This paper shows how this book is a rich source of the personal and social struggles of women in this era. Laurel Thatcher Ulrichs strips away the justification that historians often call on to validate their disregard of womens lives in colonial America, which the essential documents do not exist. Perceptively creatively combing through household inventories, account book, court files, indentures, captivity recounting and mens diaries. We will write a custom essay sample on Martha Ballards Diary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The author shows the complex richness and truth of women role and lets the modern reader listen to women voices from their oral traditions. Ulrich is immersed in the homely information of the colonial life. She shows a genuine appreciation of colonial society imparting the multiple contradictions of its patriarchal, hierarchical and common values, its religiosity and earthiness.

Euthanasia-Assisted Suicide essays

Euthanasia-Assisted Suicide essays Euthanasia in any one of its forms is the deliberate ending of life or the hastening of death at the instance of the patient. Over the last few years, Euthanasia or more specifically assisted suicide has become a much-debated topic not only in the medical circles but also in the legal and the social domains. When we look into the topic of mercy killing we find that it is the fear factor that underlies both the sides of the issue of the debate. From the patients perspective it is the fear of unbearable pain that cannot be assuaged, the embarrassment of dependence and the feeling of worthlessness and loss of self-love from the other angle we have a fear of doctors and nurses and the possibility of the abuse of the power. However, currently there are some countries (Netherlands, Oregon in US) where assisted suicide is legalized and practiced. Let us analyze this issue in a little detail and look into the ethical, social, medical aspects and in particular the nursing perspective to this highly controversial issue. Euthanasia is a combination of two Greek words Eu (easy, painless or happy) and thanatos meaning death. So the essential meaning of the term Euthanasia is pain free and happy end to life. So Euthanasia is the term for the act of delivering the suffering patient from his troubles by putting him to death. In other words it is nothing but physician assisted suicide (PAS). [Michigan Technological University]. There are basically two different forms of Euthanasia namely Active or Passive Euthanasia and Voluntary or involuntary Euthanasia. Passive Euthanasia is the case where the patient is left to himself without providing any treatment to restore or stabilize his vital life functions. Typical of this type of Euthanasia is the withdrawal of life support devices. On the other hand, active Euthanasia is a case where the patient is put to death by means of administering some lethal dosage. (Such as s...

List of the Strong Bases (Arrhenius Bases)

List of the Strong Bases (Arrhenius Bases) Strong bases are bases which completely dissociate in water into the cation and OH- (hydroxide ion). The hydroxides of the Group I (alkali metals) and Group II (alkaline earth) metals usually are considered to be strong bases. These are classic Arrhenius bases. Here is a list of the most common strong bases. LiOH - lithium hydroxideNaOH - sodium hydroxideKOH - potassium hydroxideRbOH - rubidium hydroxideCsOH - cesium hydroxide*Ca(OH)2 - calcium hydroxide*Sr(OH)2 - strontium hydroxide*Ba(OH)2 - barium hydroxide * These bases completely dissociate in solutions of 0.01 M or less. The other bases make solutions of 1.0 M and are 100% dissociated at that concentration. There are other strong bases than those listed, but they are not often encountered. Properties of the Strong Bases The strong bases are excellent proton (hydrogen ion) acceptors and electron donors. The strong bases can deprotonate weak acids. Aqueous solutions of strong bases are slippery and soapy. However, its never a good idea to touch a solution to test it because these bases tend to be caustic. Concentrated solutions can produce chemical burns. Superbases In addition to the strong Arrhenius bases, there are also superbases. Superbases are Lewis bases that are Group 1 salts of carbanions, such as hydrides and amides. Lewis bases tend to be even stronger than the strong Arrhenius bases because their conjugate acids are so weak. While Arrhenius bases are used as aqueous solutions, the superbases deprotonate water, reacting with it completely. In water, none of the original anion of a superbase remains in solution. The superbases are most often used in organic chemistry as reagents. Examples of the superbases include: Ethoxide ionButyl lithium (n-BuLi)Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) (C6H14LiN)Lithium diethylamide (LDEA)Sodium amide (NaNH2)Sodium hydride (NaH)Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, ((CH3)3Si)2NLi

Factors contributing to increase of obesity amongst women population Essay

Factors contributing to increase of obesity amongst women population within the United Kingdom - Essay Example This essay "Factors contributing to increase of obesity amongst women population within the United Kingdom" discusses the problem of the obesity among the women population of the UK. The main factor that is contributing to increase in obesity among women in the UK is poor dietary choices. Women are the leading consumers of foods with high calories and extra carbohydrates that are not utilised by their bodies (Kopelman, Caterson and Dietz, 2010). Eating fast food in restaurants during lunch breaks in the workplace, skipping of breakfast and consuming high-calorie drinks are some unhealthy eating habits that are common amongst women in the United Kingdom (Alters and Schiff, 2013). It is common for women to oversized portions and sweetened beverages that contain high levels of carbohydrates and other nutrients that contribute to accumulation of fat in the body. The second leading factor that is contributing to increase in obesity among women in the UK is sedentary lifestyle. Many women in the UK engage in less physically demanding work due to mechanised transport systems and labour-saving technologies in the workplace. In this case, women rarely engaged in physical fitness activities such as recycling or walking since they are committed in household duties or corporate work (Cappuccio, 2010). Accordingly, most of the women in the UK prefer relaxing in their houses while watching television, browsing the internet and playing computer games thus leading to excessive calories in the body that are stored as fat.

Future Crime Scenario Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Future Crime Scenario - Essay Example These issues affect all of us in one way or another. Genetic engineering is a public health issue as well as a criminal justice issue. It is a religious issue as well as an ethical issue. This essay will discuss whether there are victims of this type of crime, advocate a technology screening procedure for innovations of this sort, and suggest a few strategies to allow society a breathing time to evaluate these types of innovations prior to implementation. Victims: A Speculative Consideration The identification of victims in this scenario is complicated. It is complicated because people approach the issue from different points of view. As a preliminary matter, there are certainly potential victims. Whether these potential victims will ever become actual victims is unknown. These potential victims can be broken down into the following categories: (1) the organism itself, (2) animals subjected to testing, (3)humans subjected to testing, (4) the environment, and (5) the human being receiving the transplant. Initially, there is debate as to whether the organism created is entitled to the status of a human being. Is the organism, in short, a victim To the extant that the organism is engineered for a very specific purpose, human organ growth, attempts to characterize the organism as a victim are not persuasive. Animals subjected to testing are clearly victims. They suffer physical and emotional pain. That said, animal suffering can be minimized through a careful technology screening process. Human test is a different situation. To that degree that human beings volunteer for testing they are not really victims. This assumes, however, that they are well-informed of all possible risks at the outset and not suffering from any duress which might affect... This essay declares that genetic engineering is a field that excites many passions. To be sure, it also instills many fears. One of the doctor’s main objectives in this scenario is to genetically create and improve an organism for use in human organ growth and transplant. On a superficial level, this sounds reasonable. The potential benefits of human organ growth and transplant are substantial and, potentially, far-reaching. It has been noted that â€Å"the human diseases treatable by transplantation are diverse†. This paper stresses that the identification of victims in this scenario is complicated. It is complicated because people approach the issue from different points of view. As a preliminary matter, there are certainly potential victims. Whether these potential victims will ever become actual victims is unknown. To the extant that the organism is engineered for a very specific purpose, human organ growth, attempts to characterize the organism as a victim are not persuasive. Animals subjected to testing are clearly victims. They suffer physical and emotional pain. That said, animal suffering can be minimized through a careful technology screening process. Human test is a different situation. To that degree that human beings volunteer for testing they are not really victims. The most complicated issue is the effects of these genetically created organisms on the environment.

Starbucks Alternatives Essay Example for Free

Starbucks Alternatives Essay Alternatives Alternative #1 is to introduce existing products to new markets. Since Starbucks is already an established name, we know for a fact that people like drinking Starbucks coffee. However, cultural attitudes can be different around the world. This is an important fact since Starbucks is set on growing internationally. They will also face different reception to Starbucks image and taste. Statistics show that there is still a lot of opportunity to grow in current markets. These current markets represent significantly less risk than setting up overseas. This alternative takes what Starbucks have so far and push it into unknown markets. This is quite risky. Alternative #2 is to introduce new products to existing markets. To offer new products in existing stores would be less costly than setting up a new store in a new market. Immediately, new products will have the Starbucks brand image and this will help increase revenue because of these new complimentary items. While Starbucks is still in its growth stage, it is questionable about investing time and money into new products in our current markets when people are still finding out about Starbucks. Loyal customers can also be upset at changes to the new offerings. This option is not very risky and will yield a return that is low. Alternative #3 is to introduce new products to new markets. This alternative is more risky than the previous two but is necessary if Starbucks is to expand in the long term. In order to increase revenue and grow as a company, Starbucks will have to reach different consumers. These may include people who drink different kinds of coffee, teas and other hot beverages. Since Starbucks is selling the Starbucks experience, they should seek to introduce new products to make that experience fit that specific culture. They can still keep some of their current menu offerings but have it tailored to the consumers. By having a diversified product offering, they will also spread their risk. For instant, if they started selling coffee beans from another country, these new beans could keep the  cash flow coming in if another countrys beans were not acceptable due to weather conditions. However, the image of Starbucks can go both ways. Consumers may already have a preconceived notion of what Starbucks is about and will purchase or not purchase according to that. There is also risk that the current Starbucks image could be seen as unfavourable to current consumers if they think that the newer product items are of a poorer quality.

The Metamorphosis of Achilles in Homer’s The Iliad Essay -- Iliad Essa

The Metamorphosis of Achilles in Homer’s The Iliad Dr. Frost’s comments: With his clear explanation, illustrative quotes, and logical organization, the student easily proves his thesis, recapped and affirmed very well in the final paragraph. From the first pages of Homer’s The Iliad, Achilles is portrayed as vengeful, proud, and petty. As the book progresses, the image of Achilles as a spiteful child is sharpened dramatically. Towards the end of the epic; however, Achilles begins to exhibit qualities that are considered heroic even in today’s society. Once his loyal and trusted friend Patroclus dies, Achilles undergoes a drastic change in character. When he confronts the true horror of death, Achilles puts aside his immature ways to fulfill his duty to his friend, his compatriots, and his conscience. In this way, the progression of Achilles as a character is an analogy for the transition from youth to maturity. The first book of The Iliad, appropriately titled the â€Å"Rage of Achilles,† sets the scene for the remainder of the epic. Agamemnon seizes Achilles’ prize, the beautiful Briseis, to sooth his own wounded pride. Even though Achilles is correct to suggest that Agamemnon return Chryseis, the swift runner’s brash manner leaves Agamemnon feeling slighted. In return, Achilles vows that he will not fight in the Trojan War any longer. Once Briseis is seized, Achilles goes to the beach to cry to his mother. This is reminiscent of how a small child would act when denied something he wants. It seems that Homer is trying to compare Achilles’ actions in the early books to that of a child. Achilles implores his mother to go to Zeus and ask the god to crush the Greeks until they give Achilles the honors he ... ...les has been throughout the epic. His actions show that he has finally seen to the heart of his fury and found it pointless and destructive. He is ready to fulfill his duty to the Greeks, yet is willing to treat his enemies with respect and courtesy because they are humans as well. In conclusion, the progression of Achilles’ character in The Iliad can easily be viewed as an analogy for the progression of a child to an adult. From the spiteful rage in the beginning to the compassionate respect in the end of the epic, Achilles’ development mirrors that of a stereotypical human from childhood to maturity. The concepts that seem important to him in the beginning, his honor and glory, slowly become supplanted by more reasonable and mature ideals of duty, respect and compassion. Work Cited Homer: Iliad. Trans. Robert Fagles. New York: Barnes and Noble, 2003. The Metamorphosis of Achilles in Homer’s The Iliad Essay -- Iliad Essa The Metamorphosis of Achilles in Homer’s The Iliad Dr. Frost’s comments: With his clear explanation, illustrative quotes, and logical organization, the student easily proves his thesis, recapped and affirmed very well in the final paragraph. From the first pages of Homer’s The Iliad, Achilles is portrayed as vengeful, proud, and petty. As the book progresses, the image of Achilles as a spiteful child is sharpened dramatically. Towards the end of the epic; however, Achilles begins to exhibit qualities that are considered heroic even in today’s society. Once his loyal and trusted friend Patroclus dies, Achilles undergoes a drastic change in character. When he confronts the true horror of death, Achilles puts aside his immature ways to fulfill his duty to his friend, his compatriots, and his conscience. In this way, the progression of Achilles as a character is an analogy for the transition from youth to maturity. The first book of The Iliad, appropriately titled the â€Å"Rage of Achilles,† sets the scene for the remainder of the epic. Agamemnon seizes Achilles’ prize, the beautiful Briseis, to sooth his own wounded pride. Even though Achilles is correct to suggest that Agamemnon return Chryseis, the swift runner’s brash manner leaves Agamemnon feeling slighted. In return, Achilles vows that he will not fight in the Trojan War any longer. Once Briseis is seized, Achilles goes to the beach to cry to his mother. This is reminiscent of how a small child would act when denied something he wants. It seems that Homer is trying to compare Achilles’ actions in the early books to that of a child. Achilles implores his mother to go to Zeus and ask the god to crush the Greeks until they give Achilles the honors he ... ...les has been throughout the epic. His actions show that he has finally seen to the heart of his fury and found it pointless and destructive. He is ready to fulfill his duty to the Greeks, yet is willing to treat his enemies with respect and courtesy because they are humans as well. In conclusion, the progression of Achilles’ character in The Iliad can easily be viewed as an analogy for the progression of a child to an adult. From the spiteful rage in the beginning to the compassionate respect in the end of the epic, Achilles’ development mirrors that of a stereotypical human from childhood to maturity. The concepts that seem important to him in the beginning, his honor and glory, slowly become supplanted by more reasonable and mature ideals of duty, respect and compassion. Work Cited Homer: Iliad. Trans. Robert Fagles. New York: Barnes and Noble, 2003.

Child Marriage

Marriage is â€Å"the institution whereby men and women are joined in a special kind of social and legal dependence for the purpose of founding and maintaining a family† (Marriage 729). The fact is, marriage, to most of society, is something much more than that. To some, marriage is the uniting of their souls; to others, it is merely an escape from their fear, their pain, and their agony. The sad truth about it is that many of those marriages will end in divorce. So how do couples know if what they have will last forever? It is impossible to know for sure. No one can tell them that they definitely have what it takes to make a marriage last. Marriage is about compromise and understanding. It is also about give and take. If one party in the marriage is unwilling to give, and only takes, the marriage will be short lived. Child marriage is a violation of human rights whether it happens to a girl or a boy, but it represents perhaps the most prevalent form of sexual abuse and exploitation of girls. The harmful consequences include separation from family and friends, lack of freedom to interact with peers and participate in community activities, and decreased opportunities for education. Child marriage can also result in bonded labour orenslavement,commercial sexual exploitation and violence against the victims. government commitment and capacity the role of government and civil-society institutions is to develop and implement systems to prevent or discourage this practice. Government action is required to review customary and civil law. Because child marriage is closely associated with poverty, government commitment to poverty reduction is likely to lead to a decrease in child marriages. Legislation and enforcement Governments need to establish 18 as the legal age of marriage for girls, as well as boys, and ensure its implementation. Promoting birth and marriage registration will help enforce these laws. attitudes, customs and practices nding child marriage is challenging because even parents who understand its negative impact may find it hard to resist economic and societal pressures and traditions. Addressing attitudes and customs that promote or condone the practice is vital to changing the acceptable age for marriage. Open discussion Marriage is regarded as a private subject in many cultures. Communication campaigns can help create circumstances in which it can be discussed and traditional beliefs about marriage can be examined. o foster behavioural change from within communities, human rights should be emphasized, particularly those of women – including equality, access to education and freedom from exploitation and discrimination. children’s life skills, knowledge and participation expanding children’s knowledge and empowerment is crucial, particularly for girls. educated girls are less likely to agree to marry at a young age. Attempts to close gender gaps in education can include the establishment of child-friendly schools, cash incentives for parents and the expansion of non-formal education. capacity of families and communities

All Quiet on the Western Front Literary Devices essay Essay

The earth, as in the soil beneath our feet, is taken for granted every single day, but never by a soldier on the front lines. Erich Maria Remarque explains this through his character Paul Bà ¤umer in the excerpt of his novel All Quiet on the Western Front. Paul is explaining the effects that war on the front can leave with a soldier, the hopelessness, instinct of an animal, and appreciation for things as simple as the earth that we walk on. While explaining these effects Remarque uses literary and rhetorical devices.Portraying Paul’s sense of being helpless and trapped as an effect of being on the battle front, Remarque uses various literary devices to describe Paul’s feelings. The narrator Paul states, â€Å"To me the front is a mysterious whirlpool† a â€Å"vortex sucking me†¦into itself.† This extended metaphor expresses the hopelessness that the war leaves with soldier. The vortex symbolizes the loss of optimism in the weary soldiers and how it is â€Å"irresistibly† and â€Å"inescapably† happening. This paragraph of the passage could also be an example of how Remarque uses parallelism to tell of the effects.The front not only causes the soldiers to gain a muffled mind, but to also gain gratitude. While explaining the appreciation they get when fighting to survive at the front, Remarque uses different types of imagery to express their deep feeling towards the ground. â€Å"To no man doe the earth mean so much as to a soldier†. He personifies the earth by calling it â€Å"her† and creates an image of the earth as a mother figure, protecting and sheltering the soldiers. Then, later in the passage, Remarque writes as if Paul is praising the ground as a God, saying that it has â€Å"redeemed them† and â€Å"granted the soldiers a new life†. This can be taken as a dose overboard, however, this image the soldiers have devised of the earth in their mind, â€Å"she† has saved them, physically and religiously. Concluding the effects that Remarque characterizes in this portion of the novel, He describes the sudden takeover of animalistic instinct while in battle. This instinct is the difference between life and death. Paul tells that a man will find himself on the ground, right at the moment that a shell flies over him. Yet he cannot remember if he had heard it or what had happened â€Å"one cannot explain it.† This is the instinct that appears when your mind has departed â€Å"It is this other, this second sight in us.† Paul claims that this is what saves them. A literary device used near the end was when Paul says â€Å"†¦there would not be one man alive from Flanders to the Vosges.† This is a hyperbole, because it is an exaggeration. Remarque continues the idea of animal instinct using an oxymoron: the soldiers come to the front and â€Å"become on the instant human animals.† He suggests that these soldiers retain the shape of humanity but have developed animal-like qualities in order to survive. This is a tragic consequence of war- the loss of humanity and civility. In the end Paul learns that he will never be the same. The profound transformations that he has endured during while being at the front have scared him beyond repair. This amplifies the hopelessness they feel, because if they do not die physically they will die emotionally. Remarque uses literary devices throughout the passage to emphasize to affect how the text is read. He uses personification multiple times throughout the paragraphs. When speaking of the soldier’s appreciation of the earth, Remarque personifies the earth and they develop strong feelings towards it. â€Å"O Earth, thou grantest us the great resisting surge of new-won life.† The overall message of the expert is the affect of the war on a soldiers mind. He will do anything to survive, he will find new recognition, and he will even give up all of his faith.

Betrayal of the Military essays

Betrayal of the Military essays In the military, superior officers, such as generals and colonels are responsible for control over their units as one goes through its regular routine trying to protect their nation. A different set of laws is in place for the military, but these are to be followed the same way as with the law in normal society. Betrayal of the military can result in justice taken onto the betrayer. This is evident in the movies The Generals Daughter and A Few Good Men. Both of these situations followed the same stance, as both general Joe Campbell and colonel Nathan Jessip forgot about procedural justice and tried to take matters into their own hands, by abusing power given by the military. Movie Summary (The Generals Daughter) In Fort MacCallum, Paul Brenner, leaving his house takes a piece of hair and sticks it on the door crack, to notify him of any unwelcome visitors that come to his residence. General Joe Campbell arrives at the military base in a helicopter. Where he then gets escorted to base where he has his retirement party. Paul Brenner starts off as undercover Sergeant White. Sergeant White is on an assignment to arrest freedom fighter Bellings. On his way to an onbase warehouse Brenner gets a flat tire. Stopping to help him out is captain Elizabeth Campbell. After Captain Campbell fixes Brenners tire, he proceeds to go meet with Bellings and finish their exchange. After the exchange between Brenner and Bellings, Bellings finds out that Sergeant White is apart of the criminal investigation team. Bellings arrives at Brenners house with the intent to kill him. But, all falls short when Brenner realizes that hes being attacked, and jumps into the water off the top of his houseboat where he hides in the water. Bellings then spots him and jumps in the water. Brenner starts up a near by motorboat. He then pushes Bellings head into the blade, killing him. The EOD (Explosive Ordnance D...

Using TDictionary for Hash Tables in Delphi

Using TDictionary for Hash Tables in Delphi Introduced in Delphi 2009, the TDictionary class, defined in the Generics.Collections unit, represents a generic hash table type collection of key-value pairs. Generic types, also introduced in Delphi 2009, allow you to define classes that dont specifically define the type of data members. A dictionary is, in a way, similar to an array. In an array you work with a series (collection) of values indexed by an integer value, which can be any ordinal type value. This index has a lower and an upper bound. In a dictionary, you can store keys and values where either can be of any type. The TDictionary Constructor Hence the declaration of the TDictionary constructor: In Delphi, the TDictionary is defined as a hash table. Hash tables represent  a collection of key-and-value pairs that are organized based on the hash code of the key. Hash tables are optimized for lookups (speed). When a key-value pair is added to a hash table, the hash of the key is computed and stored along with the added pair. The TKey and TValue, because theyre generics, can be of any type. For example, if the information you are to store in the dictionary is coming from some database, your Key can be a GUID (or some other value presenting the unique index) value while the Value can be an object mapped to a row of data in your database tables. Using TDictionary For the sake of simplicity, the example below uses integers for TKeys and chars for TValues.   First, we declare our dictionary by specifying what the types of the TKey and TValue will be: Then the dictionary is filled using the Add method. Because a dictionary cannot have two pairs with the same Key value, you can use the ContainsKey method to check if some key-valued pair is already inside the dictionary. To remove a pair from the dictionary, use the Remove method. This method will not cause problems if a pair with a specified key is not a part of the dictionary. To go through all the pairs by looping through keys you can do a for in loop. Use the TryGetValue method to check if some key-value pair is included in the dictionary. Sorting The Dictionary Because a dictionary is a hash table it does not store items in a defined sort order. To iterate through the keys that are sorted to meet your specific need, take advantage of the TList a generic collection type that supports sorting. The code above sorts keys ascending and descending and grabs values as if they were stored in the sorted order in the dictionary. The descending sorting of integer-type Key values uses TComparer and an anonymous method. When Keys and Values Are of TObject Type The example listed above is a simple one because both the key and the value are simple types. You can have complex dictionaries where both the key and the value are complex types like records or objects. Heres another example: Here a custom record is used for the Key and a custom object/class is used for the value. Note the usage of a specialized TObjectDictionary class here. TObjectDictionary can handle objects lifetime automatically. The Key value cannot be nil, while the Value value can. When a TObjectDictionary is instantiated, an Ownerships parameter specifies whether the dictionary owns the keys, values or both and therefore helps you not have memory leaks.

Friends versus Family Dilemma Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Friends versus Family Dilemma - Coursework Example Adolescence is a phase of life when children begin to feel a fluttering in their wings and try to become independent. They make friends and start spending more time with them. Not only that but they also begin to get emotionally attached to their friends. This attachment makes their parents and family members uncomfortable. Children’s desire for independence makes their parents insecure. They feel that instead of giving importance to the family, children are giving importance to friends. No parent likes to see their children get away from their emotional blanket. Parents feel that by spending more time with their friends, there is a possibility of their children going away from them and also getting influenced by friend’s ideas and values. This fear of losing their child to friends makes them put restrictions on the child. However, the problem is that parents do not understand that when children grow up and reach teenage, their social and emotional needs change. What te enagers need is friendship and not security. Parents are the means through which a child gets exposure to the social world. Parents provide their children with unconditional love, support, security, and shelter. They do their best to fulfill all the basic physical, mental, emotional and social needs of a child. Child’s moral values, culture, traditions and thinking pattern are inculcated by his parents. Parents expect that their child should make them proud by doing the right things in life. Because of this expectation, they become protective towards their child. They fear that if their child tries to be free from their protection, he will forget all the traditional and cultural values that they have taught him.     

Middle East And The West Of Asia History Assignment

Middle East And The West Of Asia History - Assignment Example The Crusades included expeditions to the Holy Land, Iberian Island, and North Eastern Europe, against Ottoman Turks, and the Hussite and Albigensian crusades. In addition, the jihad concept employed by the Muslim leaders became less significant during the last phase of the tenth century. However, the jihad concept regained force in the twelfth century wars between Muslims and the Latin Christian Crusaders. Hence, the Crusades raised a conflict between Christians and Muslims who were believed to threaten the existence of the Christian faith. During this period, Latin Christians never gained victory in the wars but did slow down the propagation of the Islamic faith. In the Iberian Peninsula Crusade, Christian leaders replaced Muslim leaders. As a result, other Christians, Muslims, and the Jews were forced to convert to the Catholic faith. Most notably would be the Hussite Crusade of the 1420s in which the Hussite heretical doctrine remained not eliminated. On the contrary, the Albigens ian Crusade eliminated the aristocratic clans who believed in the Cathar heretical doctrine. The wars and the plagues of incurable diseases that occurred during the Crusades period distressed the whole nation as well as killing vast portions of the world’s population thus destroying cities. The overtaxed and marginalized populations in the society protested against authoritative governments. It would be worth noting that, because of the Crusades, women began participating in high roles in both their cultures and the Western world. Despite the negative impacts of the wars marking the Crusades, positive impacts also emerged to mark the history of the Middle East and the West of Asia. The acquisition of... Moreover, the emergence of the middle-class concept originates from the rise of cities. In a similar perspective, the evolution of modern civilization could have only occurred following the rise and growth of medieval cities along with their associated cultural and artistic influences. The developments in science and technology consequently transformed the modern world into an engine and commercial driven society in terms of agriculture, the invention of the horizontal loom in cloth and the iron works and water power. Technology also facilitated the concepts of defined methodology and mechanization. Moreover, people organize their activities using timetables because of the discovery of the mechanical clock thereby changing the modern life. In conclusion, the paper presented the occurrences of the Crusades to include wars between different religious associations, conflicts between civic and church leaders, territorial invasions, the rise, and fall of Christianity and Islam faiths with their associated effects, and reformation of the Catholic Church’s architecture. Following these occurrences, the aftermath of the Crusades led to both negative and positive impacts. Negative impacts may include the destruction of cities and loss of lives. On the contrary, positive impacts consist of advancement in science, technology, and growth of cities. The growth of cities facilitated growth on the trade that stabilized social classes. The development enhanced health and welfare, which are essential for existence.

Art pieces comparison essay (from metropolitan museum of art)

Art pieces comparison (from metropolitan museum of art) - Essay Example is what I aim to achieve in this paper – I will explore on a deeper level and conduct a profound analysis and comparison of the two pieces in order to understand their similarities. It could be said that these similarities run much deeper than the primary differences between the two pieces; thus, by such an exploration I will assess whether indeed the similarities become more prominent. ‘Heart of The Andes’ depicts a beautifully detailed landscape of South America. It is a harmonious depiction of nature – with realistic colouring and immense depth. In the background is Mount Chimborazo of Ecuador, and the foreground features a moving waterfall leading to a lake. It is nature at its finest, a magnificently awe-inspiring piece with such detail that one cannot help but fall mercy to the dark, deep beauty of this landscape. ‘Garden at Sainte-Adresse’ consists of a scene along the English Channel, from the viewpoint of a garden. A family dons the garden; they appear to be spending time enjoying the weather and the view along the horizon of Honfleur. It is a domestic portrait of an upper-class family, and this serves to completely remove the sense of loneliness conveyed by ‘Heart of The Andes’. ‘Heart of The Andes’ strikes on with its intense depth – one is able to grasp the dimensions of the landscape; the vastness of the view. The eye is drawn to the dark mountains on the horizon, which tends to cause one to feel these primary darker, more emotive feelings. It is noticeable that without the mountains, the piece would not be much darker than ‘Garden at Sainte-Adresse’. The delicate detail allows one to become immersed in the landscape and properly understand its beauty. It is extremely realistic, and this serves to increase its depth and scale. It is on a much smaller scale than ‘Garden at Sainte-Adresse’, which could also be another contributor to the lost feeling it evokes. Despite its smaller scale, it is much more

Teamwork advantage and disadvantage

Teamwork advantage and disadvantage List and describe three advantages and three disadvantages of teams. From your personal experience, provide an example of one of the advantages and one of the disadvantages. â€Å"Although teamwork has many advantages, it also has a number of potential disadvantages.† â€Å"When teams are successful, they improve productivity, creativity, employee involvement, and even job security.† â€Å"At their worst, teams are unproductive and frustrating, and they waste everyones time.† (Thill and Bovà ©e, 2008, pgs 40 41) Some advantages include: 1) Increased information and knowledge — By bringing together subject matter experts from several areas of a company gives decision-making teams access to the most information possible; 2) Increased acceptance of a solution — People who are part of making a decision would most likely be the best in helping support, and effectively encouraging others to accept the decision, and 3) Higher performance levels — Working in teams and brainstorming can actually drive an individual to think out of the box. Teams give one the sense of belonging, of self-worth, dignity and also reduce any stress or tension there may be between workers. A personal example of being on a team that had the advantage of increased information and knowledge was in helping the developer of a Customer Relationship Management database by having everyone on the team give specifics as to what was expected out of this database. Within six weeks the database was up and running, with a few tweaks here and there since then, but is still up and running today. Some disadvantages include: 1) Groupthink — Groupthink occurs when individuals are intimidated, or pressured, into acting a certain way by thinking their opinions are not worth hearing. When in the end, their opinions may actually have been better than the end decision; 2) Hidden agendas — Some team members may have motives of trying to undermine another team member, or that they just simply want to take control of the group; and 3) Free riders — Free riders are individuals who show no enthusiasm and make no contributions to the decision-making process. A personal example of being on a team that had the disadvantage of having a free rider was during a two-day class that had various activities as a whole. In one of the activities, we were put in groups of five, were given a topic to discuss and list the reasons/outcomes, and then to present it to the entire group. Since this was not a graded activity, the group chose the free rider to make the presentation. The free rider was not too happy with this group decision, but realized if they would have participated, that someone else may have actually volunteered to make the presentation. The free rider made the presentation with as little enthusiasm as shown during the group activity. Whether youre working on an informal team, which the two most popular types are problem-solving and task forces, or on a formal team that is a committee, companies rely heavily on these teams. Teams can help bring about quicker solutions to problems or ideas that can help the company in the marketplace. This is because the members are employees that should have a vested interest in the company. List and define the three types of listening. Listening is a primary activity. â€Å"Understanding the nature of listening is the first step toward improving your listening skills. People listen in a variety of ways, which influences what they hear and the meaning they extract. In fact, relying on a single approach to listening limits your effectiveness.† (Thill and Bovà ©e, 2008, pg 53) Here are three of the major types of listening: 1) Critical listening — Critical listening is analyzing and understanding the speakers message. There are four factors in determining the speakers intentions: logic, evidence, conclusion, and implication. If you feel that any important information was omitted from the message, ask questions to deter any bias in the way the message is being presented; 2) Empathic listening — Empathic listening is being able to truly understand the emotions behind the speakers message, their feelings, their needs, their wants, and their true passion behind their message. Even if you disagree with their perspective, let them know you understand and can appreciate their feelings; and 3) Active listening — Active listening is the ability to turn off your own biases and filters and to show the speaker, by asking questions and also giving supportive feedback, that they truly understand the message the speaker is presenting. â€Å"The importance of listening in communication is enormous. People often focus on their speaking ability believing that good speaking equals good communication. The ability to speak well is a necessary component to successful communication. The ability to listen is equally as important. Listening takes work and when it comes to improving our communication there is no getting around that.† (http://EzineArticles.com/210731) Describe two instances in your life when you either used or observed nonverbal communication. Define the type of nonverbal communication using the information in the text and discuss how it affected the conversation. â€Å"Paying special attention to nonverbal signals in the workplace will enhance your ability to communicate successfully. Moreover, as you interact with business associates from other backgrounds, youll discover that some nonverbal signals dont necessarily translate across cultures. The range and variety of nonverbal signals are almost endless, but you can grasp the basics by studying six general categories.† (Thill and Bovà ©e, 2008, pg 57) Below are two instances in my life where Ive used and observed two out of the six categories, â€Å"personal appearance† and â€Å"facial expression†. I was interviewing a potential employee to work in my restaurant. This individual had several tattoos and body piercings. Now considering that a front-line employee is the first person a customer sees when they come into a restaurant, this is not the impression I wanted my customers to have. Based on the position that this person was interviewing for and that they are coming to an interview dressed this way, they were non-verbally telling me by their personal appearance, that this is what I should expect of them if they were to come to work for me. I truly had a hard time focusing on any of their responses as I couldnt understand how they thought this type of appearance was acceptable to be hired for any type of position in an establishment where they would be dealing with the public. Needless to say, this person was not hired to work at my restaurant. An instance of observing nonverbal communication was during a mandatory meeting that was called at work and during the meeting one particular individual stood out as you could hear him making little snide remarks about what the speaker was saying, and then used the facial expression of rolling his eyes. This individual also would use posture such as slouching in his chair for awhile then he pulled out his cell phone and started to text. The meeting was actually very informative about a new product the company was developing and was asking for everyones input on ideas for marketing. Since this individual was not listening during the meeting, in the end when we all got back to our desks, he had to go around and ask other co-workers what it was he was supposed to do. Most of the workers told him he would need to go ask his supervisor. Whether he did or not, no one knew, nor did anyone know if he turned in his idea. He was around for about another 2 months, and then we heard he had found another job and wouldnt be back. â€Å"Good communication skills can help you in both your personal and professional life. While verbal and written communication skills are important, research has shown that nonverbal behaviors make up a large percentage of our daily interpersonal communication†. (http://psychology.about.com/od/nonverbalcommunication/tp/nonverbaltips.htm) Nonverbal communication has the potential of sending out the wrong message, whether its misinterpreted, or if what you say doesnt match your actions. Describe the measures that help team members resolve conflict. It is inevitable that at some point in ones professional career they will be on a team where conflict arises. There are numerous reasons for conflict: lack of clarity, decisions have already been made on their own and are unwilling to discuss any further, different values, past history/personalities, or one believes there is completion for some type of resource. There are measures to help team members resolve conflicts — Proaction, communication, openness, research, flexibility, fair play, and alliance. Here are descriptions of each of the conflict resolutions as mentioned: 1) Proaction is when you work out, deal with, a minor conflict before it erupts into a major conflict; 2) Communication is needed to resolve a conflict. This is accomplished by getting those directly involved to communicate to resolve the conflict; 3) Openness is getting all feelings out in the open, and then the main issue at hand can be dealt with; 4) Research is the need to get the facts for the problem before being able to determine any solutions for the problem; 5) Flexibility is being able to be open-minded. Dont let anyones stubbornness get in the way of them being able to consider other solutions to the problem; 6) Fair play is not letting anyone hide behind the rules to avoid getting a fair solution; and 7) Alliance is fighting together as opponents of the outside force, rather than fighting against each other. In order to achieve a win-win solution, teams must be aware of, and learn how to keep destructive conflict from diverting their focus and energy, and also how both sides can satisfy their goals, at least to an extent.

The Power of the Liberal Narrative Essay -- Liberal Narrative Essays

Trudging through the mountains of facts, studies, and opinions relevant to social and political issues creates a daunting task for political strategists, leaving them to decide what information is relevant and essential for the voting public to know, in order to rally the voters to support a certain candidate. However, these mountains of facts and opinions can turn off voters, and scare away many potential supporters, forcing political strategists to also engage the emotional lives of the populace: enter the role of cultural narratives- tales of adventure, sacrifice, defeat, and victory grabbing hold of the emotional lives of the audience, and as George Lakoff points out, â€Å"†¦politics is about the narratives of our culture and our circumstances make available to all of us to live† (35). The key to the liberal narrative is empathy; not solely feeling empathy, but acting on this empathy. George W. Bush and his campaign staff knew this and employed it very successfully in the 2000 election with his slogan â€Å"the compassionate conservative.† And while John Kerry and the Democratic Party may have forgotten this essential point of politics, Hollywood remembers vividly the formula of the classic liberal narrative and this has led to the creation of many films which are the quintessence of the liberal tale. The liberal narrative existed in the heyday of the Hollywood silver screen, and no better example exists than John Ford’s The Grapes of Wrath. Ford’s classic tale, based on John Steinbeck’s novel of the same title, immediately begins its liberal narrative. Early in the film when Henry Fonda’s character Tom Joad asks a truck driver for a ride, which is not allowed by the driver’s boss indicated by a sticker saying â€Å"no riders allowed/inst... ...to their feet. The liberal narrative is a staple in achieving political victory; and if someone wants to learn how to successfully create one, he or she need look no further than these films. They contain the heart and soul of the liberal campaign; and if the liberals create more films of this breed and of this caliber, there is no telling how much their support will grow. Works Cited 12 Angry Men. Dir. Sidney Lumet. Prod. Henry Fonda and Reginald Rose. By Reginald Rose and Kenyon Hopkins. Perf. Henry Fonda. United Artists Corp., 1956. Erin Brockovich. Dir. Steven Soderbergh. By Susannah Grant. Perf. Julia Roberts. Jersey Films, 2000. The Grapes of Wrath. Dir. John Ford. Perf. Henry Fonda. Twentieth Century-Fox, 1940. Lakoff, George. The Political Mind: Why You Can't Understand 21st-Century Politics With an 18th-Century Brain. New York: Viking, 2008. Print.

The History Of The Systemic Approach Education Essay

In fact, survive with computing machines in the schoolroom, it is a spot like populating with an elephant, it is nerve-racking, it is cumbrous, it is upseting. What do you make with an elephant. We try to chasten the otherwise tame. This is engineering, efforts to incorporate them into learning pattern. But how? Changing wonts and behaviour. But alteration is complicated, it requires be aftering, must be checked and it is non easy to pull off an elephant, nor the usage of computing machine equipment. A A A About 25 old ages ago that we are working to incorporate â€Å" new † engineerings in different states. At different rates, depending on altering the joys, successes and failures in sequence – some losing forbearance, argue that it is an ageless – and yet†¦ Each cringle of the coiling brings us innovative farther in front. The school exchange and usage of progressively engineerings and digital resources to consolidate these alterations. Change, innovate, integrate, absorb engineering â€Å" new † â€Å" The engineering in the school will be † new â€Å" if teaching method that employs is new. ‘ A A A One manner to alter their instruction patterns is to incorporate digital engineerings in their instruction patterns. But it must be remembered that this alteration does non introduce. For there to be invention, ICT integrating should advance the development of one or more of the undermentioned rules: A A A A increased contact teachers-students or distance ; A A A A promote high outlooks vis-a-vis pupils A A A A support larning reactive, proactive and synergistic ; A A A A facilitate effectual and immediate feedback ; A A A A better and increase the clip of survey and reading ; A A A A promote diverse endowment ; A A A A enhance cooperation among pupils. A A A If the usage of ICT is non contributing to the development of one or the other of these rules, so there is alteration, but there is no pedagogical invention. But how and with what tools can we heighten the educational development of these rules? The â€Å" public presentations † of new engineerings in schools are non connected to the power or edification of machines†¦ can non assist believing that it is easier to fault the machines need educational†¦ Finally, everything is at that place, new engineerings in schools will be â€Å" new † if the teaching method that employs is â€Å" new † or instead renewed. ‘ A A A Is that correct? Are at that place baronial utilizations of engineering in instruction live togethering with enfeebling or unworthy intents? This is improbable. It is instead a inquiry of development, integration measure. We must larn to utilize simple engineerings before embarking into complicated utilizations. A A A To introduce through engineering, we must foremost be concerned pupils and so take attention of tools. This is the foundation of a humanistic, interdisciplinary and â€Å" anthropocentric † and a systemic attack to invention in instruction and basic reengineering the school utilizing engineering. A A A Too frequently, the execution of information engineering is under the mark of improvisation. We believed, and still believe one of the â€Å" innovators † , the diffusion of an invention in instruction is by osmosis and contagious disease nearby. This vision of â€Å" Utopian † procedure returns as follows: a instructor sets up an advanced undertaking utilizing ICT in the schoolroom. Spontaneously, co-workers, intrigued by both invention and covetous of such a success, eager to transform their teaching method, innovate and take part in this educational success. Just direct them the know-how. The shriveling expands and shortly the whole school is â€Å" tainted † by the new engineerings, each wishing to have an elephant in its category! A A A Unfortunately, invention is non spread in this manner in the field of instruction. It agree, this scheme has non vicarious delivered the expected consequences. Few thousand early adoptive parents have non wholly spread in their schools. Colleagues in the â€Å" innovator † did non spontaneously coveted innovate or chambarder their teaching method, or rearrange their classs. They did non instantly agreed that the success of an invention undertaking was due to the engineering, even if it was really present in the undertaking. In this vision of â€Å" spontaneousness † of the diffusion of invention, we must oppose systematic and systemic attack. A A A The systemic attack is divided into four phases. First measure, the system is in equilibrium functional school. Each histrion ( manager, instructors, pupils, professionals, director, support staff ) takes his function and the system is runing usually. It accomplishes its mission decently and wholly? If so, there is no demand to interrupt, the chambarder. Otherwise, the school does non let pupils to develop adequately its function in society. The school system is so critiqued and challenged. It is clip to alter it. Second measure, given the insufficiencies of the school riotous inventions are introduced doing daze moving ridges and instability. Third phase, the school system responds to this instability in two ways: a ) rejection of freshness to maintain the same old balance unstable and unsatisfactory B ) if the first maneuver did non work so the school system efforts to incorporate new, but minimising its effectivity and impact†¦ It is riotous and instructors seeking to incorporate engineering but altering nil in their instruction. Teachers try once more with these new tools the same as before but more frequently and more rapidly. Fourth measure, if the tactical integrating harmonic rejection or non fonctionnees so the system tries to absorb new engineering and animate a new systemic functional balance. Then there is reclamation of learning patterns. These four stairss are carried out consecutive and the procedure can be accelerated or stopped at any clip. This is why it is so of import when presenting technological inventions in instruction planning in continuance, to persist and to maximise the disruptive and destabilizing. Until a new equilibrium is non reached systemic one can state that an establishment is in the procedure of integrating but non assimilation. If the advanced release system force per unit area on the freshness consequence may regress and everything can be once more. A A A Furthermore, it is of import non to pout and success when instructors say the engineering used in their pattern non yet to the full renewed you must cognize the clip encouraged to go on doing the coveted alterations. Thus the â€Å" innovators † , backed up by the governments, can distribute the freshness and â€Å" contaminated † the whole community. 3. The â€Å" formula † for a successful execution â€Å" Let us all engineerings, but Lashkar-e-Taiba ‘s slave ordinal number ‘ A A A Already in 1987, the â€Å" innovators † of the integrating of engineering in learning had discovered the â€Å" formula † for a successful execution. [ 5 ] Here it is: 3.1. Ingredients A A A A Strong political will which beef up local directors in their attempts and back up â€Å" firm † instructors. A A A A Significant fiscal resources and provided yearly for several old ages, conditions for long-run planning. A A A A Many computing machines, efficient, dependable, accessible, networked and connected to the Internet for teleco and learning communities. A A A A Powerful applications, stable, dedicated, easy to utilize, user friendly and supply entree to content and quality digital resources seamlessly incorporate subjects. A A A A Information and support in good measure and at a changeless flow and steady. A A A A A systemic integrating consequence of a happy complicity between the spouses in instruction ( instructors, principals, counsellors, engineering directors ) . A A A A Time for instructors, clip for contemplation, for preparation, for planning of larning state of affairss and rating ( SAE ) authentic, contextualized and described in conformity with the preparation plan. 3.2 Preparation A A A Each of these ingredients should be available in good measure and assorted in proportions that meet regional liberty and the sensitiveness of local histrions ( schools ) . For illustration, the Commission scolaire de la Seigneurie-des-Mille-Iles lists five phases of ICT integrating in instruction: entry, acceptance, version, appropriation and innovation. The innovation is the phase where the instructor imagine new utilizations for enriching the preparation plan [ 10 ] . Depending on the phase identified resource demands, preparation and support may change. This is the first component to see when planning integrated and contextualised by a systemic attack. A A A Regarding pupils, without desiring to give the urban fable sing the genetically programmed acquisition who would be born â€Å" between a mouse and a keyboard † , we must acknowledge that many are non expected the chance to step into the schoolroom, or connected Television chance to collaborate. A A A If readying and ingredients are non sufficient quality and measure, mayonnaise may non acquire as stressed this illustrated â€Å" Barriers to ICT for instructor. tekki â€Å" . 3.3 Tips and Tricks A A A This â€Å" recipe † known in 1987 and repeated in 1997 [ 13 ] , should be reissued in 2007 for everyone to retrieve that the universe of engineering has non appeared today and will non vanish with him. Sing its airing in instruction, there is a universe of distinction. A A A However, nowhere resources will non be sufficient to fulfill the impatient. Two digressive forces hinder this forced March towards ICT everyplace for everything and for all, at least in industrialised society. First, the human and fiscal resources are scarce and must be shared among multiple precedences. More money to engage instructors or purchase equipment? A A A There is so the opposition to alter. Throughout the West, school systems are shaken – interviewed – and this uncertainness before school decision makers and instructors do non desire to be confused disrupted rushed. The instructor of the present clip is a tired adult male band – and this schematisation of his public presentation ( Figure 2 below ) begins its resiliency and helps to deter. 4. The effectivity of digital engineerings for learning â€Å" It takes a small town to raise a kid†¦ with a computer. ‘ A A A For the school adapts to alterations in engineering and integrates computing machine and Internet, you need a vision-based acquisition ecology of the school is based on the construct of computerized acquisition environment, what, besides known as digital work environment ( DWE ) , practical campus or practical office work [ 16 ] . Specifying the school as a acquisition environment, it is refocusing on acquisition and, therefore, more efficient usage of its resources. This is when they are placed in rich acquisition environments, including effectual cognitive tools, these are existent or practical environments that kids every bit good as grownups, learn and develop intellectually and socially. A A A Christian Barrette, an analyst at the Association for Research in college ( CRA ) , has compiled a batch of research on the effectivity of new engineerings for learning and larning. [ 17 ] Barrette concludes that ICTs are effectual when they are portion of a structured educational finely diversified acquisition activities and pedagogical attacks. In other words, the course of study offers larning of cognition, thoughts, constructs, and accomplishments development ( cognition, know-how, accomplishments ) and the instructor must cognize how to utilize ICT sagely to accomplish all these ends. A A A Confirming the research of Professor Marcel Lebrun Louvain-La-Neuve [ 18 ] proposes to consolidate Barrette pedagogical attacks into three categories-behavioral attacks empiricist, positivist, humanist and cognitive-constructivist which it associates the technological point of position the applications and attacks reactive, proactive and synergistic. Should prefer the constructivist attack when utilizing ICT at school? Not needfully run into Barrette. We need to diversify pedagogical attacks, learning methods and digital tools. And the research worker noted that â€Å" Among these attacks, the emerging of societal constructivism in pedagogical discourse, but small in pattern. It has been said about it, it could be good served by these engineerings that facilitated communicating and exchange in the transmutation of information into cognition meaningful. â€Å" The empirical grounds, drawn from the research reviewed, indicate that it is possible that ICTs are besides centered a ttacks to knowledge transportation ( behaviourism reactive manner ) or witting control of cognitive accomplishments ( proactive manner and cognitivism reflexive ) . A A A The reappraisal of undertakings and technological devices for larning ( larning state of affairss or learning scenarios and computing machine system ) really shows that these devices fall into three households: A A A A devices bring oning larning public presentation ( behaviourism, reagent ) ; A A A A bespeaking devices metacognition ( cognitivism, proactive – reflexive ) ; A A A A devices back uping collaborative acquisition ( constructivism, synergistic – ego ) . A A A Lesson effectual digest of assorted surveies reviewed by Barrette is hence as follows have proved effectual preparation devices ( attack, method, activity, larning state of affairs, digital tools ) : A A A A bring oning larning public presentation ( expressed ) and utilizing adaptative tools and differentiated exercisings repeated as gymnastic apparatuss, tutorials, educational games, lifes, chiefly used in the schoolroom or computing machine lab A A A A seeking metacognition and utilizing tools such as tutorials, dynamic geometry, demos, simulators, scheduling, robotics, drawings, portfolios in single activities that extend beyond the schoolroom or research lab ; A A A A back uping collaborative acquisition with tools such as practical preparation environments, wikis, web logs, electronic mails, forums, preparation platforms, which support active communities of exchange and cooperation particularly outside of the schoolroom or computing machine lab. A A A Figure 3 summarizes these three pedagogical attacks and this for each definition of acquisition, the scholar, the instructor ‘s function, the position of cognition, learning methods and illustrations of digital tools preferred. You will besides happen the didactic rules that promote educational invention and educational success. Empiricism Behaviorism Rationalism Cognitivism Humanitarianism Constructivism Definition of larning alteration in discernible behaviours. Change in ways of thought and work outing jobs. Cognitive struggles. Change in ways of thought, in co-creation activities. Motivate. Definition of larning Learning reactive hearing, watching, reacts and attempts once more. Active acquisition, information processor, treat the information, automatic procedure, high outlook Interactive Learning, cognition builder which initiates a undertaking and self-regulating, reflective, high outlook Role of the instructor sender of information and cognition. It presents, describes, schematically, programs and cheques. Manager of acquisition, usher, leads, directs, advocate says, is sing jobs, regulates redress. Guide, Zanzibar copal, aid, cause, inquiries, organizes, provides, suggests redresss and allowed to move, suggests ego Status of cognition / skills nonsubjective external world that the pupil must get, assimilate and reproduce. External world that the pupil must incorporate its mental forms and reuse. Reflexivity. Objective external world but perceived and reconstructed competency = know how to move by mobilising Teaching methods Teaching group, explicit, E3, repeated pattern, immediate feedback, survey clip, frequent contacts. Individualized direction, differentiated strategic attack deductive – inductive survey clip, frequent contacts. Vicarious larning strategic, differentiated by undertakings inductive-deductive, less frequent contact, promotes cooperation. Digital tools preferred Gymnastic apparatuss, tutorials, games, ICT competency, life, web portfolio, trial hidden words quiz Net and others. Simulations, simulation, robotic, jobs, You ‘re the hero, programming, Create a Web page, DAO, experience, portfolio, geometry, practical research lab, SAE, Scoop, webquests..

Position Paper: Pepsico’s Restaurants

Position Paper: PepsiCo’s Restaurants Pepsi Co’s Restaurants is a Harvard Business School Case which states PepsiCo’s large organization, its structure, its acquisitions and management approach. It also covers two companies, Carts of Colorado (COC) and California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) which are pursued from PepsiCo in 1991 to buy. In this position paper PepsiCo’s acquiring strategy and management approach will be evaluated to examine strengths and weaknesses of acquiring these two companies and possible solutions of other strategies. It will be also qualified whether it is a successful company in restaurant business.Pepsi’s acquiring strategy is diversified. First, it merged with Frito-Lay in 1965 and named PepsiCo. The case states the belief of Kendall that â€Å"snack chips went well with soda. † It was a product-extension merger. These two companies were selling different but related products in the same market. Snack foods and soft drinks a re related. With the help of established distribution network and brand recognition the merge resulted higher growth and economies of scale. This synergy was the basis of further developments. After that PepsiCo. acquired restaurant chains, which was the third segment for the company. You can read also Classifications of RestaurantsPepsiCo made market-extension and also product-extension with this purchase. It acquired the largest chains like Pizza Hut, Taco Bell at late 70’s and KFC in 1986. (Exhibit 1) With their economies of scale, it created market access for its own products and the restaurants could make cost reduction and cost efficiency with the growth of PepsiCo through soft drinks and also similar purchases. (PepsiCo Food Systems) Additionally, the acquirements of KFC with its franchises (Exhibit 5) was important because it helped PepsiCo to be internationally powerful.For this purpose, they used also a different strategy for their snack food segment and acquired Smith Crisps, Ltd from United Kingdom which was its competitor for European market. (horizontal acquisition) Besides, PepsiCo purchased supplier companies like bottling subsidiaries as backward integration (instruments of standard-cycle approach like PepsiCo Food Systems, cost efficiency is very important ) and also conglomeration like Wilson Sporting Goods, but they sold what they acquired when the parts are not greater than the whole. PepsiCo has decentralized management approach.Every decision didn’t taken by top management. The responsibility for authority and decision making is distributed. Pepsi commercial which included Michael Jackson with a 5$ million record fee was told CEO only a few hours before the contract. Moreover, Kendall encouraged managers to take risks and stated â€Å"If you go through your career and never make a mistake, you’ve never tried anything worthwhile† and the president of Pizza Hut, Steve Reinemund mentioned that Calloway, the follower CEO after Kendall, had never told him what to do.These are typical examples for decentralization, but it also shows us that there is a tradition at PepsiCo, the top management showed their managers their trust and tried to challenge their thought process. This is the result of Pepsi Co investment on them. Calloway’s response for outstanding performance was â€Å"the three P’s people, people, people†. Such decision makers should be experienced. Actually their two phase system was very successful because it let successful managers to promote another divisions, challenging positions or different functional areas.Most of the top management which can be seen from organization chart (Exhibit 2) had participated at all levels of PepsiCo with different assignments, so they were generalists and great managers with different experiences. Their management approach can be described as Calloway states â€Å"We take eagles and teach them to fly in formation. † Carts of Colorado and California Pizza Kitchen were two companies that PepsiCo. were interested to acquire. The advantages and disadvantages of such acquisitions will be considered separately.But first of all, we have to consider what was the strategy of PepsiCo for the future and what Pepsi Co has experienced. According to strategic planners of the company quick service restaurants would remain the largest segment over the following decade. Based on their analyses, quick service, casual dining and take out segments would be attractive. On the other hand, PepsiCo. invested to casual dining like Pizza Hut Cafe and experienced that their know-how for this segment is low. (Reinemund: â€Å"We needed people to come in and break the mold of our thinking.We knew enough to know what we didn’t) Additionally, Salsa Rio Grill which is also an investment for casual dining was a failure, but it has also mentioned it could be successful with a different setting. These are aspects that we have to think whether to acquire CPK. The case also mentions that PepsiCo. needed non-traditional program to increase points of distribution. That can be achieved with carts. The company also purchased carts from COC because they saw a potential future that the location of sales was really i mportant. If COC is acquired, than PepsiCo ould acquire skills or technologies more quickly or at lower cost than they could be built in-house. This can be seen as a strength, however COC’s carts wouldn’t cover the core competence of PepsiCO, therefore its acquisition could be not cost efficient. There is also an opportunity of first mover with the know-how of COC PepsiCo could achieve the most efficient mobile storesi, might be also apply some strategies for automats. The threat was that COC has a centralized organization, because of adaptation problems whole project could be a failure. Acquisition of CPK has strengths according to its operating segment of casual dining.The weakness could be because of its cost comparing to its benefit. Strategic planners saw casual dining segment a growth market and with its know-how they would expand their market. Its threat is centralized structure of CPK. They failed with Pizza Hut Cafe and Salsa Rio Grill and it could also happen with CPK if they apply their quick service strategies. According my point of view PepsiCo should not acquire CPK because PepsiCo. ’s tradition is very powerful and they want to adopt their strategies to CPK, but added value and core competence of this companies is its centralized structure.If they act so, they will fail, instead of acquiring synergy. Additionally, the economies of scale CPK is also small which would not add value to its soft drink segment, the acquirement of other restaurant chains was also beneficial for brand awareness and reputation, this wouldn’t happen for CPK. They would acquire it for know-how of this company, but the company is not public and centralized, everything will depend on cofounders of CPK, this a very big risk if we compare benefits and its cost.On the other hand, PepsiCo could acquire COC, but they could make a technology contract with such a company. In such a contract the threat is the benefit, the synergy with experience of Pepsi Co and know-how of COC can be extraordinary. If COC shares the results to other competitors, that wouldn’t be a one sided gain, so comparing with its cost, it would be much better to acquire it because built-in of such department would be also very costly. As a result, I want also add my comments about the success status of Pepsi in restaurant business. I believe, it is successful.Although its history is short comparing with soft drink segment, its revenue is greater than soft drink segment and this is a success, PepsiCo differentiated its products, it made a great purchase system for cost effectiveness, but it had to increase its profitability according to 1991 data. Although it covered 36% of PepsiCo sales, but operating profit was 29% and as we knew from case, PepsiCo main strategy was investing to where it believed it could achieve the highest returns. (Exhibit 4) Reference: http://www. mckinseyquarterly. com/The_five_types_of_successful_acquisitions_2635 PepsiCo’s Restaurants Harvard Business School Case Position Paper: Pepsico’s Restaurants Position Paper: PepsiCo’s Restaurants Pepsi Co’s Restaurants is a Harvard Business School Case which states PepsiCo’s large organization, its structure, its acquisitions and management approach. It also covers two companies, Carts of Colorado (COC) and California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) which are pursued from PepsiCo in 1991 to buy. In this position paper PepsiCo’s acquiring strategy and management approach will be evaluated to examine strengths and weaknesses of acquiring these two companies and possible solutions of other strategies. It will be also qualified whether it is a successful company in restaurant business.Pepsi’s acquiring strategy is diversified. First, it merged with Frito-Lay in 1965 and named PepsiCo. The case states the belief of Kendall that â€Å"snack chips went well with soda. † It was a product-extension merger. These two companies were selling different but related products in the same market. Snack foods and soft drinks a re related. With the help of established distribution network and brand recognition the merge resulted higher growth and economies of scale. This synergy was the basis of further developments. After that PepsiCo. acquired restaurant chains, which was the third segment for the company. You can read also Classifications of RestaurantsPepsiCo made market-extension and also product-extension with this purchase. It acquired the largest chains like Pizza Hut, Taco Bell at late 70’s and KFC in 1986. (Exhibit 1) With their economies of scale, it created market access for its own products and the restaurants could make cost reduction and cost efficiency with the growth of PepsiCo through soft drinks and also similar purchases. (PepsiCo Food Systems) Additionally, the acquirements of KFC with its franchises (Exhibit 5) was important because it helped PepsiCo to be internationally powerful.For this purpose, they used also a different strategy for their snack food segment and acquired Smith Crisps, Ltd from United Kingdom which was its competitor for European market. (horizontal acquisition) Besides, PepsiCo purchased supplier companies like bottling subsidiaries as backward integration (instruments of standard-cycle approach like PepsiCo Food Systems, cost efficiency is very important ) and also conglomeration like Wilson Sporting Goods, but they sold what they acquired when the parts are not greater than the whole. PepsiCo has decentralized management approach.Every decision didn’t taken by top management. The responsibility for authority and decision making is distributed. Pepsi commercial which included Michael Jackson with a 5$ million record fee was told CEO only a few hours before the contract. Moreover, Kendall encouraged managers to take risks and stated â€Å"If you go through your career and never make a mistake, you’ve never tried anything worthwhile† and the president of Pizza Hut, Steve Reinemund mentioned that Calloway, the follower CEO after Kendall, had never told him what to do.These are typical examples for decentralization, but it also shows us that there is a tradition at PepsiCo, the top management showed their managers their trust and tried to challenge their thought process. This is the result of Pepsi Co investment on them. Calloway’s response for outstanding performance was â€Å"the three P’s people, people, people†. Such decision makers should be experienced. Actually their two phase system was very successful because it let successful managers to promote another divisions, challenging positions or different functional areas.Most of the top management which can be seen from organization chart (Exhibit 2) had participated at all levels of PepsiCo with different assignments, so they were generalists and great managers with different experiences. Their management approach can be described as Calloway states â€Å"We take eagles and teach them to fly in formation. † Carts of Colorado and California Pizza Kitchen were two companies that PepsiCo. were interested to acquire. The advantages and disadvantages of such acquisitions will be considered separately.But first of all, we have to consider what was the strategy of PepsiCo for the future and what Pepsi Co has experienced. According to strategic planners of the company quick service restaurants would remain the largest segment over the following decade. Based on their analyses, quick service, casual dining and take out segments would be attractive. On the other hand, PepsiCo. invested to casual dining like Pizza Hut Cafe and experienced that their know-how for this segment is low. (Reinemund: â€Å"We needed people to come in and break the mold of our thinking.We knew enough to know what we didn’t) Additionally, Salsa Rio Grill which is also an investment for casual dining was a failure, but it has also mentioned it could be successful with a different setting. These are aspects that we have to think whether to acquire CPK. The case also mentions that PepsiCo. needed non-traditional program to increase points of distribution. That can be achieved with carts. The company also purchased carts from COC because they saw a potential future that the location of sales was really i mportant. If COC is acquired, than PepsiCo ould acquire skills or technologies more quickly or at lower cost than they could be built in-house. This can be seen as a strength, however COC’s carts wouldn’t cover the core competence of PepsiCO, therefore its acquisition could be not cost efficient. There is also an opportunity of first mover with the know-how of COC PepsiCo could achieve the most efficient mobile storesi, might be also apply some strategies for automats. The threat was that COC has a centralized organization, because of adaptation problems whole project could be a failure. Acquisition of CPK has strengths according to its operating segment of casual dining.The weakness could be because of its cost comparing to its benefit. Strategic planners saw casual dining segment a growth market and with its know-how they would expand their market. Its threat is centralized structure of CPK. They failed with Pizza Hut Cafe and Salsa Rio Grill and it could also happen with CPK if they apply their quick service strategies. According my point of view PepsiCo should not acquire CPK because PepsiCo. ’s tradition is very powerful and they want to adopt their strategies to CPK, but added value and core competence of this companies is its centralized structure.If they act so, they will fail, instead of acquiring synergy. Additionally, the economies of scale CPK is also small which would not add value to its soft drink segment, the acquirement of other restaurant chains was also beneficial for brand awareness and reputation, this wouldn’t happen for CPK. They would acquire it for know-how of this company, but the company is not public and centralized, everything will depend on cofounders of CPK, this a very big risk if we compare benefits and its cost.On the other hand, PepsiCo could acquire COC, but they could make a technology contract with such a company. In such a contract the threat is the benefit, the synergy with experience of Pepsi Co and know-how of COC can be extraordinary. If COC shares the results to other competitors, that wouldn’t be a one sided gain, so comparing with its cost, it would be much better to acquire it because built-in of such department would be also very costly. As a result, I want also add my comments about the success status of Pepsi in restaurant business. I believe, it is successful.Although its history is short comparing with soft drink segment, its revenue is greater than soft drink segment and this is a success, PepsiCo differentiated its products, it made a great purchase system for cost effectiveness, but it had to increase its profitability according to 1991 data. Although it covered 36% of PepsiCo sales, but operating profit was 29% and as we knew from case, PepsiCo main strategy was investing to where it believed it could achieve the highest returns. (Exhibit 4) Reference: http://www. mckinseyquarterly. com/The_five_types_of_successful_acquisitions_2635 PepsiCo’s Restaurants Harvard Business School Case